According to the different working conditions and processing methods of the injection mold, the basic performance requirements of the injection mold are summarized:
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1. Sufficient surface hardness and wear resistance. The hardness of injection mold steel is usually below 50-60hrc. The injection mold after heat treatment should have sufficient surface hardness to ensure that the injection mold has sufficient hardness. Because the injection mold is filled under high pressure and high friction and high flow processes, the accuracy of the injection mold is required to maintain the stability of the shape and dimensional accuracy of the mold to ensure the service life of the injection mold. The wear resistance of injection molds depends on the chemical composition and heat treatment hardness of the steel, thereby increasing the hardness of the injection mold.
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2. Good processing performance. In addition to EMD processing, most plastic molding molds also require some cutting and assembly. In order to extend the service life of the mold, improve cutting performance, and reduce surface roughness, the hardness of the mold must be appropriate.
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3. Good polishing performance. High-quality plastic products require less cavity surface roughness. For example, the surface roughness of an injection mold cavity is required to be less than Ra0.1 to 0.25, and the optical surface is required to be Ra <0.01nm. To reduce surface roughness, the cavity must be polished. The selected steel requires less impurities, uniform structure, no fiber orientation, and no pitting or orange peel defects during polishing.
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4. Good thermal stability. The shape of plastic injection mold parts is more complicated and it is difficult to quench the process.Therefore, it should be selected to have as good thermal stability as possible. After the mold is processed, the linear expansion coefficient is small after heat treatment. The structure and the size of the mold are stable, which can reduce or no longer be processed, and can ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements of the injection mold.